Real-Time Estimation of PEMFC Parameters Using a Continuous-Discrete Extended Kalman Filter Derived from a Pseudo Two-Dimensional Model

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are clean energy conversion devices that widely used in various applications. In most applications, the main challenge is accurately estimating state of health (SoH) PEMFCs during dynamic operating conditions. Moreover, their behavior affected by numerous physical phenomena such as heat and membrane flooding. This paper proposes design an observer to estimate PEMFC parameters. A state-space model first built from 2D equations solved a finite difference discretized space domain. The then based on continuous-discrete extended Kalman filter. has been validated experimentally parameters under For several load variations, results obtained using proposed characterize responses real-time.